GW501516 , also known as Cardarine, is a synthetic agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) [8]. It has been shown to have various effects on human cells, including promoting endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis [1], changing lipid/glucose metabolism and gene expression in human skeletal muscle cells [2], preventing the down-regulation of AMPK caused by a high-fat diet in the liver and amplifying the PGC-1α-Lipin 1-PPARα pathway leading to increased fatty acid oxidation [3], and switching fuel preference from glucose to fatty acids in isolated rat skeletal muscle [7]. GW501516 has also been shown to negatively modulate cell migration and invasion of cancer cells [4], and to have an apoptotic effect on invasive bladder cancer cells [8]. In addition, GW501516 has been found to increase the regenerative capacity of human endothelial progenitor cells by stimulating biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin [6], and to improve the inflammatory state in the kidney [5]. Finally, GW501516 has been shown to reduce liver fat content and increase fatty acid oxidation in dyslipidemic subjects with central obesity [9].
| CAS: | 317318-70-0 |
| Molecular Weight: | 453.498 g/mol |
| Chemical formula: | C21H18F3NO3S2 |
| Chemical name: | 2-(4-((2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-methylthiazol-4-yl)methylthio)-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid |
| Type: | PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist |
PROS:
- Enhances endurance and stamina
- Boosts fat loss and metabolism
- Improves cardiovascular health
- Supports muscle preservation during cutting
CONS:
- May cause liver damage if abused
- Potential cancer risk at high doses
Cardarine For Sale
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